The Red-crowned crane is the world's second rarest crane. They are also able to communicate aggression by means of inflating their red caps on their heads. They build their nests in water about 50 cm deep. Red-crowned cranes are very much an aquatic species. They also have call for contact, which tells other birds where they are. They will pick up some vegetation or a stick, and toss it into the air. Red-crowed cranes are communal birds and live in flocks. They are diurnal birds and they usually seek food in deep water marshes, feeding by pecking as they walk. Females incubate at night, and both parents take turns at the nest during the day. These cranes are the largest and heaviest sub-species in the crane family. They fledge in 70 days and are sexually mature within two to three years. A chick's contact call sounds much louder and is more strident than an adult’s; this helps to get attention when they are in distress. When they preen, they rub a special oil onto their feathers that they secrete from a gland by the top of their tail, to keep their feathers conditioned. Red-crowned cranes are monogamous and have long pair-bonds. Red-crowned cranes live in eastern Russia in the Amur River basin and in China and Japan and other parts of southeastern Asia. They bow with their legs bent and wings raised, and jump. These cranes communicate to each other during their courtship dance. In the Orient this bird is sacred and is a symbol of love, fidelity, and longevity. There are also specific estimates of this species in these regions: China 580; Korea 1,000, and Hokkaido 1,470. Their numbers are decreasing today and they are classified as endangered (EN) on the list of threatened species. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. The male and female also have a unison call that they produce before they begin their courtship dance. This nest is made from grass and weeds, and is built by both male and female. Its beak is olive-green and its legs are black. Juvenile cranes are similar in appearance, though without the red crown and with black tips on their outer flight feathers. The breeding season is in spring and the birds return every year to the same nesting sites. Red-Crowned Crane Wikipedia article -, 2. They follow their parents around when foraging. According to the IUCN Red List, the global population of Red-crowned cranes is estimated to number 3,050 individuals, with 1,830 mature individuals. Females usually lays 2 eggs and incubation is for 29 to 34 days, and is shared by both parents. 1. Currently there are two main populations of red-crowned cranes; one is non-migrating and lives in northern Japan on the Island of Hokkaido. The red patch on top of their heads which gives them their name, glows brighter and a deeper red if the birds get angry or excited. Their long toes mean that they can walk in soil that is soft and muddy, and they use their long bill to probe the water for prey. The chicks are precocial, leaving the nest a few days after they hatch. They strengthen these bonds by their beautiful displays of dancing. Red-crowned cranes are famous for their beautiful mating dances, which include bouncing jerkily, gracefully leaping up into the air and running wildly with outstretched wings. Red-crowned cranes need wetlands in which to rest at night. These are amazing dances to see. They are also able to communicate aggression by means of inflating their red caps on their heads. Males have black cheeks, throat and neck, whilst in females these parts are a pearly-gray. An adult crane has a bare patch of skin on top of its bright red head. Red-Crowned Crane on The IUCN Red List site -, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-crowned_crane, http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22692167/0. A Red-crowned crane's diet consists of fish, insects, aquatic invertebrates, amphibians, rodents, reeds, heath berries grasses, corn, and other plants. The other population breeds in Russia, north-eastern China, and Mongolia, migrating to eastern China, and to North and South Korea, spending the winter there. They also have call for contact, which tells other birds where they are. A chick's contact call sounds much louder and is more strident than an adult’s; this helps to get attention when they are in distress. It is a tall, graceful bird, which is mainly white with black lower wings. These cranes communicate to each other during their courtship dance. Though the species has the name Red-crowned crane, it does not, in fact, belong to the crowned crane family but to the species of typical crane. In winter they also eat grain and waste from agricultural fields. Degradation of their habitat due to drainage of wetlands for industry and agriculture is the major threat today to the Red-crowned crane. Group name. They will feed in water that is much deeper than other crane species will, feeding in pastures in summer and in winter moving to coastal saltmarsh, cultivated fields, rice paddies, rivers and freshwater marshes.

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